Dr. Jenny Gandhi

procedure steps

1. Anesthesia and Preparation

In a sterile environment, the patient is ready. At the vascular access site, typically the femoral or radial artery, local anesthetic is given. If necessary, sedation may be administered.

2. Catheter Insertion and Vascular Access

To introduce a vascular sheath, a little puncture is made. Under fluoroscopic guidance, a guidewire is subsequently inserted via the catheter to pass through the target lesion inside the artery.

3. Choosing and Setting Up a Balloon Catheter

The target arterial segment's diameter and length are taken into consideration while selecting the balloon catheter's size and type. The balloon is filled with contrast solution once the air has been removed.

4. Balloon Progression to the Lesion

To reach the location of the stenosis or obstruction, the balloon catheter is moved across the guidewire.

5. Inflation of Balloons

In order to enlarge the vascular lumen and crush the atherosclerotic plaque, the balloon is inflated. To maximize vascular dilatation, inflation is maintained for a predetermined amount of time (often seconds to minutes).

6. Removal and Deflation

In order to prevent vessel damage during removal, the balloon is carefully deflated and removed.

7. Analyzing the Outcome

Following balloon inflation, angiography is carried out to evaluate the artery's reopening, restore blood flow, and identify any problems such dissection or persistent stenosis.

8. Extra Care

After balloon angioplasty, stent implantation may be required to give the vessel structural support.

9. Removal of the Sheath and Catheter

The catheter, guidewire, and sheath are taken out if the results are confirmed to be satisfactory. Either physical compression or the use of a closure device can accomplish hemostasis.

10. Monitoring Following the Procedure

Vital signs, access site bleeding, and complications are all tracked. The patient's pain or discomfort is controlled, and they are ready to heal.

disease treated

Arteriovenous Fistulas

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May-thurner Syndrome

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suitable for

Patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH)

Patients who are not candidates for pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) because of surgically inaccessible disease, residual hypertension following PTE, comorbidities, or surgical refusal are especially well-suited for balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA).

Individuals with Severe Artery Occlusion or Stenosis

People who have symptomatic artery narrowing or blockage that impairs blood flow, particularly when medical therapy is inadequate.

Individuals suffering with a single or multiple vessel disease

Depending on anatomical and clinical factors, it can be used for acute infarction, stable or unstable angina, and single or multivessel coronary artery disease.

Individuals with Few Surgical Options

Patients without autogenous vein graft possibilities or those with a life expectancy of less than two years may not be candidates for bypass surgery.

Individuals with Arterial Lesion-Related Symptoms

those whose imaging scans show substantial occlusive arterial lesions that are correlated with their symptoms.

benefits

Minimal Invasiveness

There is less pain and a quicker recovery because the technique just requires a little puncture, avoiding the trauma of open surgery.

Efficient Reduction of Symptoms

significantly reduces symptoms including angina (chest discomfort), exhaustion, shortness of breath, and leg pain brought on by constricted or clogged arteries.

Quick Restoration of Blood Flow

By successfully compressing plaques and dilating the vessel, the inflated balloon restores sufficient blood flow to the heart or afflicted limb.

Decreased Risk of Stroke and Heart Attack

It lowers the risk of myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular events by clearing blocked arteries.

Quick Recuperation

It is a practical substitute for more invasive surgical procedures because the majority of patients can return to their regular activities in a matter of days.

Enhanced Life Quality

mproves general health and allows patients to resume daily activities by relieving symptoms and regaining mobility.

Adaptability

used extensively in dialysis access maintenance, renal artery stenosis, carotid artery stenosis, and peripheral and coronary artery disorders.

Possibility of Preventing Surgery

Many people benefit from angioplasty without requiring open vascular surgery or coronary artery bypass grafting.

post-treatment recovery

Quick Post-Procedure Care
Following the procedure, patients are kept under observation in the hospital for a few hours or overnight.
Vital signs and the catheter insertion site, typically the wrist or groin, are regularly monitored for problems or bleeding.
Exercise and Rest
To lower the risk of bleeding from the access site, patients are initially recommended to rest, usually remaining motionless for a few hours.
In order to improve circulation and avoid blood clots, light walking is advised within a few days.
Steer clear of intense activities and heavy lifting for approximately one week.
Monitoring Symptoms
It is common to experience some discomfort, bruising, or stiffness at the catheter site, which usually goes away in a few days.
Mild chest discomfort is possible for certain patients, although it usually goes away fast.
Medicines and Monitoring
To avoid clot development, patients must take antiplatelet drugs as advised.
Frequent follow-up visits check heart function and guarantee the artery stays open.
Getting Back to Your Regular Activities
Depending on their occupation and general health, many patients return to work and regular activities in one to two weeks.
Longer break periods may be necessary for more physically demanding tasks.
Extended Care
To maintain heart health and stop further artery narrowing, cardiac rehabilitation and lifestyle modifications (a nutritious diet, frequent exercise, and quitting smoking) are essential.

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